简讯

2019年9月11日，由察哈尔学会主办的“推动中国和拉美地区的可持续发展研讨会”在京举行。来自中外企业社会责任研究及拉丁美洲领域的专家学者就企业的社会责任与拉美地区可持续发展展开研讨，为推动中拉全面合作伙伴关系持续稳步发展贡献智慧和策略。

2019年10月10日，由察哈尔学会和韩国世宗研究所共同主办、韩国政府统一部协办的“半岛无核化·和平与中韩合作”研讨会在京召开。察哈尔学会会长韩方明、韩国世宗研究所所长白鹤淳出席会议并致辞，与会嘉宾就“朝鲜半岛无核化与中韩合作”“中美关系与中韩合作”“朝鲜半岛和平政策与中韩合作”等专题展开讨论。

2019年10月17日，第七届中韩公共外交论坛在韩国仁川举行，中国公共外交协会会长吴海龙、中国驻韩国大使邱国洪、韩国外交部公共外交大使张宰福出席论坛开幕式并发言。与会的中韩两国专家学者、媒体代表深入探讨了如何通过公共外交扩大两国各领域交流，夯实两国友好关系民意基础，助力东北亚地区繁荣合作。

2019年10月23日，由察哈尔学会主办的“中毛（非）关系”座谈会在京举行。由察哈尔学会秘书长和志耕主持座谈会，毛里求斯华商经贸专业联合会代表团与察哈尔学会研究员就自贸协定给中毛发展带来的新机遇、毛里求斯政治经济及营商环境、中非关系及双边机构间合作等议题进行了广泛探讨。

2019年10月26—27日，以“新时代、新期待——中日在维护亚洲及世界和平与发展中应承担的责任”为主题的第十五届“北京—东京论坛”在京举行。本次论坛由中国国务院新闻办公室、日本外务省支持，中国外文局和日本言论NPO共同主办，中国国际经济交流中心、中国社会科学院日本研究所和察哈尔学会协办。国务委员兼外交部部长王毅、国务院新闻办公室主任徐麟、日本前首相福田康夫出席开幕式并做重要发言。

2019年10月30日，第五期“广东公共外交论坛”——中日关系报告会在广州举办。广东省政协主席、广东公共外交协会会长王荣主持报告会，省政协领导林雄、邓海光、郑振涛、张嘉极等出席，中国驻日本原大使程永华作“中日关系展望”专题讲座。省政协机关和各专门委员会负责同志，在穗部分省政协委员和广东公共外交协会会员，省外办、省侨办、省各民主党派机关干部和在穗部分高校师生以及各市政协公共外交协会负责人等共400余人聆听。

2019年11月2日，第三届“华侨华人与中国周边公共外交论坛”在华侨大学厦门校区开幕。来自全国各地高等院校、科研院所以及政府机构的近百名代表围绕华侨华人事务、侨务公共外交以及中国周边外交等热点话题展开研讨，为中国对外开放新格局出谋划策。论坛期间还举办了第三届“全国外交与国际关系学院院长协作会”，会议聚焦国际关系学科建设现状和前景、国际关系与外交学人才培养路径等议题。

2019年11月4—6日，由察哈尔学会与全球预防武装冲突伙伴关系共同主办的“热点地区的冲突与和解”国际学术研讨会在京举行。来自中国、美国、韩国、蒙古、格鲁吉亚、塞尔维亚、菲律宾、荷兰等十余国家的学者与非政府组织代表参与了本次活动，就“前苏东地区的冲突与和解”“中东非洲地区的冲突与和解”“东北亚地区的冲突与和解”以及“重新思考2019年的和平与冲突——和平建设中的困难以及民间机构如何发挥作用”四个主题进行研讨。

2019年11月16日，首届公共外交“海南论坛”（2019）在海口举行， 察哈尔学会首任秘书长、高级研究员柯银斌，三亚学院公共外交研究中心研究员、中国驻布隆迪共和国前大使郁序忠等出席开幕式并致辞。来自全国各地的50余名专家学者就“新时代的中国公共外交：理论与实践”主题展开研讨。

2019年11月19日，由中国社会科学出版社、察哈尔学会、上海大学拉美研究中心共同主办的“如何加深中国与拉美国家之间的相互了解座谈会暨《感受拉丁美洲》（第二版）首发式”在京举行，多位中国前驻拉美国家的大使和研究拉美的学者围绕中国与拉美国家的人文交流情况进行讨论。

2019年11月27日，由中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院与中国互联网新闻中心联合主办的“2019中国公共外交论坛”在中国人民大学举办。本次论坛以“合作共赢与中国故事”为主题，来自政府、高校、智库、新闻机构等近30位专家人士，围绕如何通过“多元公共外交”推动合作共赢、如何通过“媒体公共外交”进一步讲好“中国故事”两大议题展开深入探讨。

2019年11月27日，由中国公共外交协会和北京市妇女联合会联合指导的第九届公共外交“北京论坛”（2019）在北京外国语大学举行，北京市妇联副主席赵海英出席论坛开幕式并致辞。本次论坛主题为“公共外交与全球伙伴关系网络”，并首次在平行论坛设置了女性分论坛。

ABSTRACTS

Viewpoints

Don’t Let Other People Be the First to Tell Our Stories

Zhao Qizheng · 1 ·

It has been 40 years since China launched its reform and opening up program. However, both at home and abroad, many people only have heard about the magnificent buildings and the GDP growth rate which have shocked the world. They don’t know the hard thinking and tremendous hardship we went through in the process. Many Chinese stories especially represented by the development of Pudong New Area need to be further made known through the media. If we don't tell the story of China's development in time, there may be misinformation in them when others tell the story for us first. And because of the preconception effect, our real stories which are not told in time cannot combat those “false stories”. The great stories of China’s reform and opening up do not only belong to China. They can offer useful reference to the development of the rest of the world.

China-US Cultural Exchanges Are Still Indispensable

Yu Hongjun · 5 ·

The question of how China can better achieve high-quality and rapid development is a big issue calling for serious thinking at a time of great changes never seen in a century. Specifically speaking, it is of great necessity and utmost importance for us to do a good job in conducting China-US people-to-people and cultural exchanges, against the backdrop of increasingly complex China-US relations, in order to win in the more fierce international competition for talent and comprehensive national strength.

Special Topic

Local public diplomacy

Nanjing’s Experience and Enlightenment in Building an International Peaceful City

Ke Yinbin · 10 ·

On September 4th, 2017, Nanjing became the world’s 169th and China’s first International Peace City. As one of the cities that suffered most in the World War II, Nanjing knows better the value of peace and its people understand more about the profound meaning of peace, which constitute an important foundation for Nanjingin building an international peace city. With the support of the Nanjing Municipal CPC Committee and government and the UNESCO, and with the continuous efforts of Nanjing University along with many think tanks in the past 20 years, Nanjing has achieved fruitful results in building itself into an international peaceful city. This paper studies the ways and rules for building international peaceful cities, summarizes the history and experience of Nanjing in its establishment of an international peaceful city, so as to provide ideas and reference to other Chinese cities on brand positioning and international communication.

City Public Diplomacy along the National Border — The Example of Dehong Prefecture on the China-Myanmar

Hou Sheng · 17 ·

On December 11th, 2019, under the guidance of the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee and the sponsorship of the China International Publishing Group, the 2019 National Cooperation Meeting on International Publicity was held in Guangzhou City. At the meeting, the project entitled“Running hand in hand along the border — Dehong Prefecture delivers China’s voice through ‘Marathon race across two countries’”, submitted by the Publicity Department of Dehong Prefecture CPC Committee, won an award of “2019 Top Ten Projects of International Communication”. At the meeting, a representative from Dehong Prefecture spoke on the project. Dehong Prefecture is the only prefecture-level city in China that has won an award in the past six years since the “Top Ten Projects of International Communication” selection was launched. Dehong Prefecture shares a border with Myanmar. The inhabitants of the two countries living along the border visit with each other frequently, enjoying a friendly relationship. Dehong Prefecture has carried out a variety of public diplomacy activities as a border city and accumulated rich experience.

Analysis of the Publicity of Hainan Pilot Free Trade Zone through Public Diplomacy

Li Jiacheng & Zhang Yiliang · 23 ·

Public diplomacy is a kind of diplomatic activity targeted at foreign non-governmental entities including enterprises and common people, in which the government plays the guiding role and governmental and non-governmental organizations act as the practitioners. Research in international publicity and communication of China’s free trade zones is still at the initial phase. Free trade zones have an urgent demand of scientific theories and methods concerning international publicity and communication. There has not been enough attention and understanding shown by the international community on China’s free trade zones. Public diplomacy can play a big role in enhancing the publicity of China’s free trade zones by promoting their popularity and influence, enriching the understanding of issues related to free trade zones on the part of both domestic and foreign enterprises and the public. It can also help foster free trade zones’ positive images in the world. As on how to carry out public diplomacy in promoting publicity, taking the Hainan Pilot Free Trade Zone as an example, the paper suggests that people need to pay attention to the evaluation of public diplomacy effect and the combination of governmental and non-governmental actors, build a unique public diplomacy discourse system, make efforts in establishing an early warning system for dealing with negative reports, carry out public diplomacy among overseas Chinese through overseas Chinese media, and hold events of high-level impact to publicize free trade zones, so as to create a good environment for developing free trade zones among overseas non-governmental organizations.

Comments

A Review of Research on China’s Public Diplomacy in 2019

Zhao Xinli & Xie Siyu · 32 ·

The year 2019 marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and also serves as a milestone in the development of China’s public diplomacy since public diplomacy related to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been carried out in depth and the concept of telling good Chinese stories has become deeply rooted in people’s hearts. The paper reviews hundreds of research papers on China’s public diplomacy published in 2019, categorized them into five sections, in an effort to draw a sketch of the overall situation of China’s public diplomacy research in 2019.

U.S. Secondary Sanctions and China’s Response

Meng Gang & Zhao Xiwei · 40 ·

Since the end of the Cold War, by taking advantage of its own economic strength, the US has frequently used secondary sanctions, expanded its jurisdiction outside the US through its domestic legislation and restricted the economic exchanges of the third countries’ enterprises or individuals with the target party of sanctions. Secondary sanctions violate the internationally accepted principles of jurisdiction with no respect of the relevant resolutions of the UN, and are obviously illegal. The US has accumulated rich experience in the legislation and law enforcement of secondary sanctions, which has caused harm to many subjects of international economic exchanges. Todeal with this situation, the European Union, UK, and Canada have adopted their respective laws in response. At present, the US has more diversified secondary sanctions and more sophisticated means of attack, which brings huge risks to Chinese enterprises and individuals participating ininternational economic exchanges. China should take timely defensive actions at the national, enterprise or individual levels to eliminate its adverse effects as much as possible.

How Japan Prepares for Cyber War

Yu Zhirong · 48 ·

With the development of military technologies in the world in recent years, in order to take the initiative in military operations, Japan has carried out a subversive transformation of its current defense strategy, in which they take network security defense and response to enemies' network attackas the main focus of its defense strategy transformation. Japan has set up a high-level force with command functions of the space, cyberspace and electronic warfare capabilities, i.e., the network forces, with the aim of realizing the integration of the traditional forces on land, over the sea and in the air with new forces in the three fields of space, network and electromagnetic, so as to boost cross-domain combat capabilities.

Publishing Articles with Ambassadors’ Signatures in Stationing Countries’ Media as a Kind of Public Diplomacy

Xu Jingqi · 58 ·

In recent years, it has become a normal practice for many Chinese ambassadors to publish their own signed articles in the mainstream media of the countries where they are posted. These articles have distinct views, which not only respond in time to the local public’s concerns, but also help solve their queries. These ambassadors are capable of using a mixture of media and initiating their own agenda in making their voices heard in different kinds of the media, all of which have become an effective way of media diplomacy and found an important way of expression of public diplomacy. To some extent, ambassadors’ signed articles have changed the international community’s inherent views of China’s traditional rhetoric in communicating with the outside world, and further helped improve overseas public opinions on China.

Theoretical Study of Press Spokesman System and a Comparison of the Systems in China andthe US

Mi Guanghong · 64 ·

The press spokesman system has been in practice for nearly two centuries from its establishment to its maturity. Today, the spokesman system has been established in China in various governmental bodies, enterprises, institutions and social organizations. Yet, it still needs to be further promoted and improved. This paper aims to explore the historical background of the establishment of the press spokesman system, clarify the differences between the systems of “news release” and“press conference”, review the theoretical connotation of international communication in the spokesman system, examine the development process of the press spokesman system in the United States, and analyze the similarities and differences between Chinese and US news release and spokesman systems, so as to provide some reference for further development of the press spokesman system in China.

Case Studies

India’s Digital Diplomacy in Modi’s Time

Gong Wei & Zhao Chunzhen · 72 ·

Nowadays, all countries are trying to shape identities and enhance their foreign policies’ effectiveness in the international sphere, so as to impact others’ ideas and create an environment in which their goals and roles as an international player are justified. And in the current era of mass communication technologies and new media, many public diplomacy measures used to disseminate these narratives have become digitalized. This paper examines how India makes use of the new media environment to carry out its digital diplomacy, and the authors hold the view that digital diplomacy has been an ongoing practice and an important part of India’s overall foreign diplomacy. Digital diplomacy has, to some extent, improved India’s soft power. Yet, there are still many challenges ahead.

State-Owned Enterprises’ Overseas Social Media Publicity and Image Building — Case Study of a SOE’s Overseas Communication through Facebook

Yang Hui · 80 ·

Taking a state-owned construction enterprise’s overseas communication through Facebook as an example, this paper studies and summarizes the effects and lessons of overseas network communication of state-owned enterprises, analyzes the challenges in their overseas network communication, and offers relevant suggestions.

Causes and Difficulties of Trump Administration’s Nuclear Policy towards DPRK

Yang Xiaoqing, Du Zhehao & Fan Lei · 87 ·

Since Trump came to power, a series of policy adjustments towards DPRK have brought the development of the DPRK nuclear issue into a new stage, which has been highlighted by the US policy of “extreme pressure and contact” and its first summit with the DPRK. However, there are still a series of contradictions and dilemmas in the DPRK nuclear issue, such as the serious differences in the understanding of security significance of nuclear weapons, the lack of long-term trust between the two sides, and the need for the US to maintain its Northeast Asian alliance. These problems are mainly caused by the consideration of their own interests, the history of communication between the two countries, and the game play concerning the third parties. Therefore, it will be the key to solving the DPRK’snuclear issue as whether the US can, to a certain extent, give up its demand as a principle of DPRK’s nuclear abandonment. At the same time, the building of a foundation of trust between the two sides through a series of mutual exchanges and the active interaction with China and other neighboring countries will help promote the relaxation of the DPRK’snuclear issue.

“Defense” and “Attack” of France’s Cultural Diplomacy in the Context of Globalization

Wang Jiying & Sun Chun · 95 ·

After World War II, while bearing competitive disadvantage in the field of “hard power”, France has vigorously implemented “cultural diplomacy”, in order to rebuild its influence in international affairs with its “cultural soft power”. With the increasing trend of globalization, on the one hand, France resists the strong impact of American cultural products and protects the local cultural industry with the help of “cultural exception” and “cultural diversity”, and on the other hand, it constructs a huge external cultural communication network and establishes cultural ties with other countries and regions in the world with cultural communication and cooperation as the axis. These measures of cultural diplomacy have vigorously promoted French domestic cultural industry and effectively helped rebuild its national image. While confronting the shock and challenges of cultural globalization, China, backed by its rich cultural heritage, should learn from the essence of France’s cultural diplomacy, so as to enhance its own cultural development and help push forward Chinese culture to the outside world.

History

A Review of Buddhism Exchanges between China and ROK

Shuai Shiyi & Li Qinhe · 102 ·

The friendly communication between China and the Republic of Korea (ROK) has a long history, in which Buddhism exchanges, as one of the main parts, has played an important role. President Xi Jinping has repeatedly praised the cultural exchanges between China and the ROK. In his speech given at the Seoul National University of ROK, entitled “Creating China-ROK cooperation in the future, injecting vitality and bringing about prosperity of Asia together”, he especially mentioned Kim Gyo-gak’s story as one of the examples of the friendship between China and the ROK. Kim, a Buddhist monk of Silla, a kingdom on the Korean Peninsula, is regarded as the manifestation of Ksitigarbha at Jiuhua Mount. Since modern times, the peoples of China and ROK have experienced similar situations, and, facing life and death together, made every effort to help each other in seeking their own national independence and in the world’s anti-fascist war, during which they have forged profound friendship. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and ROK in 1992, the two countries have adhered to mutual respect and mutual trust, by taking advantage of the times, favorable geographical conditions and harmonious relations. The relations between the two countries in various fields of politics, economy and culture have become increasingly close and achieved leapfrog development. Buddhism, as a “golden link”, has played a unique role in the mutual exchanges between China and ROK, with Buddhism exchanges having become an important part of the two countries’ cultural exchanges.

Book Review

US Public Diplomacy in the Eyes of a Japanese Scholar — Book Review of American Cultural Center: American International Cultural Strategy

Wang Qiang & Ding Rui · 109 ·

American Cultural Center: American International Cultural Strategy is the first work ever published in China on the study of US public diplomacy from the perspective of a “third party”. Taking the US army’s occupation of Japan after the World WarII as the start, the book’s author Yasushi Watanabe moved his research focus to the US, systematically studied the policy-making, the executive bodies and specific measures of US public diplomacy from a Japanese scholar’s perspective with the Cold War, Vietnam Warand the Post-Cold Waras important points of history, and finally analyzed the concept of soft power. This paper reviews and comments on the book mainly on three issues, including the three dimensions that need to be grasped in carrying out public diplomacy, the practical significance of the “Merrow Era” and the soft power under the perspective of public diplomacy.