ABSTRACTS

Viewpoints The Shanghai Public Diplomacy Association: a Major Platform for Telling the Stories of Shanghai

Zhao Qizheng · 1 ·

Shanghai is a fertile ground for developing public diplomacy. It has popularized the concept of public diplomacy, and many successful cases of public diplomacy have emerged. As the first local public diplomacy association in China, the Shanghai Public Diplomacy Association has actively conducted various forms of public diplomacy activities in the past ten years, worked solidly to create a good external environment which is conducive to reform, opening up and modernization, and thus played an important role in promoting China's public diplomacy.

China-US Confrontation and Japan's Strategic Role Yukio Hatoyama (Japan) (Translated by Liu Shuliang) · 5 ·

Donald Trump was the first U.S. president to openly provoke confrontation between China and the United States. After the Biden administration came to power, it has continued to pursue the policy of confrontation with China, making it impossible for China-US relations to return to the past. After reading through the Biden administration's interim guide to national security strategy issued on March 3, 2021, it is found that except the rhetorical differences, the new government's perception of China can be said to have basically followed the views of the previous government. On the other hand, China's words and deeds towards the US have not changed significantly since the Biden administration took office. If the root cause of the China-US confrontation lies in the so-called "Thucydides Trap", it is not surprising that China-US relations have not changed dramatically following the change of US government. However, even if the confrontation between the two countries is inevitable, we cannot just stand idly by and watch the intensification of confrontation. This is because if China and the US engage in naked competition with a zero-sum mentality, it will definitely endanger the peace and prosperity of the whole world, especially the East Asia.

Special Topic International Communication Make Best Use of the Time and Get China's Voice Heard

Zhao Zhenyu · 15 ·

On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, under the sound leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people have won a major victory in the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic, poverty, corruption and in its efforts for comprehensive deeper reform and building a modern socialist country. All these have impressed the whole world, providing ideas and option of success. We have a responsibility to present the Chinese case to the world in regard to how China has overcome the epidemic and moved towards a bright future under the guidance of science, how China has grasped the situation, acted according to the realities, and made great achievements by taking advantage of the time and tide.

Carry Out International Communication with the Help of International Friends

Zhao Xinli · 21 ·

As international communication has been gaining attention it has become a top priority to make China's voice heard through telling the China story. In this process, international friends have a huge advantage which deserves great attention. As early as the revolutionary war period, the Communist Party of China (CPC) made friends among a group of foreign journalists and writers such as Edgar Snow and Agnes Smedley, leaving them with a strong impression and impact. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the CPC and its army have made active efforts and successfully transformed many Japanese prisoners, who became a strong force in working among the ranks of the invading enemy. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, many international friends of China have also played an important role in international communication. For example, Kojima Yasutaka, an old friend of the people of Xinjiang, has worked hard to tell the stories about Xinjiang to Japan. This has become a typical case on telling Chinese stories by international friends.

Telling China's Stories on Poverty Alleviation as Part of Public Diplomacy

Tang Qingye · 28 ·

Since the reform and opening up, China has made remarkable achievements in poverty alleviation, lifting more than 700 million people out of poverty and making a contribution of more than 70% to the world’s reduction of poverty. China has become the first developing country in the world to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, catching wide attention in the international community. Although China has accumulated unique poverty alleviation experience, its capabilities in interpretation, communication and influence on this still needs to be further strengthened. In telling the stories of China's poverty alleviation, we can give a full play to public diplomacy and make use of public diplomacy platforms by working together with the government, NGOs and individuals, foreign friends, and various social media, so as to convey a full and true story of China's poverty alleviation, providing public goods for the global fight against poverty and helping build a global community of shared future.

The Rise of a Great Power in Singaporean Media's Discourse in the Post-Epidemic Era — Analysis Based on China-Related Reports of Lianhe Zaobao

Chen Yasai & Yu Shuni · 35 ·

In the loss of order in international relations, China has become the backbone of the anti-epidemic force and forged ahead in the correct direction of the "postepidemic era". China is Singapore's largest trading partner. Singapore's mainstream media has paid special attention to China's response to the epidemic, its economic recovery and its public diplomatic activities. There have been substantial reports on the relevant topics. Yet, many China-related reports in Singapore's Lianhe Zaobao have indicated that the Singaporean society both admires and fears China's rise. Therefore, during the process of its rise, China needs to confront the challenges from the West, be on guard against the "test of small countries", making efforts on building up a reliable, lovely and respectable image of China as well as developing a new order to find common understanding with small and medium-sized countries.

Meet the Challenge of Foreign Publicity and Build Up an International Image

Mi Guanghong & Mi Yang · 43 ·

With the rapid development of globalization and informatization, how to effectively convey the Chinese message and make China's story heard is an important issue in international communication. In the long-term practice of China's foreign publicity, a collaborative system of effectiveness evaluation and interest expression has taken shape. However, there are still many difficulties in international communication and foreign public opinion. This paper puts forward relevant suggestions.

Comments On China's Nonalignment 2.0 — An Perspective on Deepening Strategic Relations with Small and Medium-Sized Neighboring Countries

Guo Hailong · 51 ·

Since the reform and opening up, China has implemented the diplomatic policy of not entering into alliance with major powers and created a favorable international environment by following the trend of the international nonalignment movement. Today, the world is facing great changes that have not been seen in a century, and the containment challenge of Western powers is still severe. While China does not form an alliance with major powers, it is particularly important for China to work well in the surrounding areas, deepen cooperation and even alliance with small and medium-sized neighboring countries, and open up new channels to enter the sea (the China -Pakistan / China-Myanmar Economic Corridors). China should focus on mutual promotion of the domestic economic cycle and the international cycle of neighboring countries. In view of India's launch of "nonalignment 2.0" (not a "side selection station" with major countries such as China and the United States) in 2012, the above strategy can be regarded as China's nonalignment 2.0. This paper discusses China's nonalignment 2.0 from the perspective of deepening the strategic relationship between China and its small and medium-sized neighboring countries.

Models of Public Diplomacy: Centering Around Capital, State and Political Parties

Cao Yuyan & Wang Yiwei · 58 ·

Today's world is full of twists and turns, and the transformation of traditional diplomacy has been imminent. From the perspective of comparative politics, the national governance model as the internal driving force of public diplomacy can be divided into three types: those centering on society, state and political parties. This paper puts forward the idea that as an extension of internal affairs, public diplomacy which as a reflection of national governance approach has three models: respectively centering on capital, state and political parties.

Strengthen International Cooperation for Epidemic Prevention and Control

Zhang Guobin & Lang Yajiao · 66 ·

With the accelerated development of globalization, the frequent occurrence of global public health emergencies has put forward higher requirements for international cooperation. After the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic began, China has established a comprehensive new mechanism to deal with the COVID-19 epidemic. The fight is led by the government with multi-sector cooperation and the whole society's participation. China has accumulated rich experience in anti-epidemic effort, and has provided effective reference for other countries in the world. However, the international cooperation in the field of public health still faces tough tests ahead.

Kazakhstan's Cognition and Attitude Towards the BRI — Take the Kokshetau State University as an Example

Zhang Hui · 71 ·

During President Xi Jinping’s visit to Kazakhstan in September 2013, he put forward the idea of the "Silk Road Economic Belt". Six years since then, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has made fruitful achievements on cooperation. Together, 127 countries and 29 international organizations have signed cooperation agreements with China, forming a broad consensus on international cooperation. To analyze the cognition and attitude of the students of Kokshetau State University in Kazakhstan towards the BRI, a survey was conducted among 500 students and 40 students were selected for interviews in small groups. Quantitative and content studies were made to analyze the students’ attitudes towards and learning channels of the BRI, their understanding of the connection between the BRI and the ancient Silk Road, as well as opportunities and challenges brought by the BRI to Kazakhstan. The study found out that there are some problems in China's public diplomacy towards Kazakhstan, including the lack of publicity by experts and scholars who understand Russian or Kazakh languages, and the limit of the communication power of new media reports. Finally, this paper suggests ways for improving the situation.

Cooperation on COVID-19 Vaccine Between China and Middle East Countries Contributes to the Global Fight Against the Epidemic

Wen Jing · 78 ·

In the face of the continuing COVID-19, efforts on strengthening prevention and control and public health management have become an important way of global epidemic prevention. As the first country to experience the outbreak of the pandemic, China has successfully controlled the spread of the epidemic with the government's leadership and the people's cooperation throughout the country. China developed the vaccine rapidly and carried out extensive cooperation with the international community. The cooperation between China and Middle East countries in vaccine R&D, production, promotion and use is extremely profound which has offered a model of international vaccine cooperation. The joint antiepidemic efforts of the two sides have boosted the global fight against the epidemic, deepened the relations between China and Middle East countries, and shaped China's image as a responsible major country.

Case Studies Zhao Qizheng and China's New Public Diplomacy — A Multi-Actor, Multi-Channel and Multi-Dimensional Concept

Zhong Xin & Yang Shuang · 85 ·

President Xi Jinping pointed out that China's international communication is facing new situations and tasks in the 30th collective group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He called to strengthen top-level design, research, planning and building of a strategic communication system with distinct Chinese characteristics. As a strong advocate and practitioner of China's public diplomacy, Zhao Qizheng has played an important role in exploring innovative new public diplomacy concepts and models that adapt to China's national conditions. The new public diplomacy he advocated firstly emphasizes multiple actors, covering all kinds of two-way exchanges between officials and individuals. Secondly, it employs a variety of channels, especially public diplomacy in the realm of internet in the new media environment. Finally, he proposed many innovative multidimensional concepts that adapt to China's national conditions emphasizing being authentic and truthful, vivid, timely, accurate and reciprocal. This has offered strong guidance and given significance to China's international communication and public diplomacy.

Evolving Practice and Concept Building of American Strategic Communication

Zhang Zhiwei · 93 ·

Since the introduction of strategic communication, the U.S. government has been debating on how to understand the concept and whether or not to accept it. Proponents of strategic communication have not been able to dominate the official language. However, during the process of the concept's promotion, the U.S. government has carried out a series of practices on strengthening its national publicity's ability and strategy. With the evolution of practice, strategic communication, as an ideological concept, has developed and enriched its meaning while becoming deeply embedded in the American national publicity system, and has imperceptibly affected the American national publicity activities. The essence of strategic communication is cognitive manipulation. With the returning of the Cold War mentality, the application of the strategic communication concept in the United States is now evolving in a more terrifying direction.

History CPC's Media Diplomacy During the War Against Japanese Aggression

Xu Jingqi · 101 ·

Media diplomacy emphasizes that relevant stakeholders solve conflicts through media communication. For the Communist Party of China (CPC) during the War Against Japanese Aggression, media diplomacy was a process in which the CPC influenced the diplomatic behaviors of the governments of other countries through the media. At the time, the awareness of international communication on the part of CPC's leaders was significantly enhanced, which developed CPC's media diplomatic practice. The CPC transmitted its voice to the international community through foreign journalists, and gradually obtained the recognition of international community. It also took the initiative to set an international agenda through media communication, striving to gain the initiative in the fight of public opinion.

**Book Review How Germany Restored Its National Image Through Cultural Diplomacy after World War II — Book Review of The Research on German Diplomacy's Cultural Strategy **

Xiang Jing · 108 ·

The book The Research on German Diplomacy's Cultural Strategy (written by Xu Liang & Wang Zhuo, published by the People's Daily Press, 2019) interprets and analyzes the basic objectives, main policies and means, core focus, non-core yet typical forms, future trends and obstacles of cultural strategy in German’s diplomacy.

American Public Diplomacy in History — Book Review of On the History of American Public Diplomacy

Zheng Qilei & Ding Rui · 114 ·

The book On the History of American Public Diplomacy (written by Hu Tengjiao, published by the World Knowledge Press, 2018) systematically goes through the development of American public diplomacy from a historical perspective, and discusses American public diplomacy’s historical development, research modes and its specific means and methods. This paper reviews the book from the perspectives of how the author defines public diplomacy and other relevant concepts, how American public diplomacy has served its national interests, how to understand the operation of American public diplomacy, what forms that America has used to carry out public diplomacy and what effects that have been brought about.